advantages of federalism in nigeria

The database is updated daily, so anyone can easily find a relevant essay example. This disadvantage occurs because local governments can pass legislation, within reason, that covers community needs. The Babangida administration followed the same step and created 21 states and more local governments. Federalism is allocation or division of power between the state and the nation. Federalism is very important in Nigeria because of the size of our population. Thus, from 1914 to 1946, 1963, 1967, 1976, 1987 and 1993 the Nigerian The priorities of the majority receive more attention with Federalism. Here are just a few of the craziest laws you can find in the U.S. right now. The military were able to create more states because military decrees do not pass the same rigorous method bills pass in a democratic government. There are efficiencies to consider with delegation that make this governing structure such an inviting option. Geographical factor, (iv) Economic factor Federalism increases the level of participation by individuals. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. For the United States, there are local, country, and state governing authorities which all have a unique set of laws and regulations for people to follow. Some governments are trying it, while others or not. The comparison of the results of these policies can give a clear idea of which policy is better and thus, can be adopted in the future. Also see: Differences between 1960 and 1963 constitution of Nigeria, reasons for federal system of government in nigeria. IvyPanda. Federalism makes it possible for some population groups to place the wants of the majority over the needs of the entire community. If the desire to remain separate does not exist, the the association will not be federal but unitary with some delegation of powers to local government. The Benefits of Federalism Among the merits of federalism are that it promotes policy innovation and political participation and accommodates diversity of opinion. All these strengthen political bonds and gave Rice to unity in diversity. Nigeria as a country occupies a large geographical area and what she has as singular states in Nigeria is the equivalent of the entirety of some other African countries. The effectiveness of linking communications has been a vital factor in geographical unit. New York: Harper & Row, 1984. Importance of Federalism in Nigeria are listed and explicated herein. Many of them are similar, but there are also several which are not. It is important to also reason that small states are prone to domination and sometimes control by the big ones. There must exist supremacy of the constitution, which implies that laws passed by the authority in the federal arrangement, if contrary to the constitution shall be declared to be ultra votes. 2.1 It Is An Effective Process. https://ivypanda.com/essays/federalism-2/, IvyPanda. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Nigeria are typically inclined to the derivation principle, which is the process of distributing centrally generated revenue to constituent units with regards to the contribution made by a group to the country's more 12substantial income. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Your email address will not be published. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. They will then have special authority to control interstate businesses and trade with the foreign countries. Also, there was a demand for more local regions by all these ethnic interest groups which was what led to the creation of new states. We may share your site usage data with our social media, advertising, and analytics partners for these reasons. By diffusing power to multiple branches of office, like the U.S. does with the executive, legislative, and judicial segments, it becomes more challenging for one division to take over the country. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Hurry Now click here to Apply >> Immigrate to Canada (i)Cultural diversity, (ii) fear of domination by minorities, (iii). Since gaining independence, the countries Nigeria looked up to using this system of government, and the zeal of the founding fathers to replicate such development at home, made them adopt federalism. John Paden, George Mason University: Federalism in Nigeria. Hence, earnings and wealth are unevenly distributed. The U.S. government threatened to pull funding from the cities choosing this action, and then filed suit against them in an effort to try getting compliance. What Are The Advantages Of Federalism? 1. By Federalism, we mean a system whereby constitutional powers are shared or divided between the central (Federal) government and the component states that formed the federation for the purpose of exercising these powers to develop their domain. That will help you to understand more about a rigid and written constitution. Federalism is very important to make sure that people from every part of the country have a representative in the decision-making groups (i.e. In his judgment, Ogundare JSC agreed that the provisions to Sections 162(2) of the constitution re-stabilized the principle of derivation. There is no way to obtain runaway power in this structure unless voters approve of that process first. Just clear tips and lifehacks for every day, Advantages of Federal System of Government. The first military head of state was dethroned for adopting unitary system of government yet successive military administration in practice follow unitary principle instead of federal system. Live, Study and Work in Canada. The smaller branches of the local governments are right in the middle of the local society. Resource control: History of federal system of government in nigeria These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Elazar, Daniel. Importance of Federalism in Nigeria. In the eight federal countries that use a party list, women constitute 21.4 to 48.2% of the central parliament, while the global average is 24.5% (Foster, 2020). /Length 14727 This has been the So majority if not all of them were in favor of a federalist system of governance. Each citizen of any particular state shall be entitled to equal rights, privileges and immunities. The Benefits of Federalism. 2.2 It Increases The Level Of Participation By Individuals. Thus, the gap between rich and poor states widens. This is intended to improve supply of power. It was under the 1954 constitution that federal system of government was fully adopted. Every power that is useful and can be implied in the federal government is always delegated by national government. Federalism promotes liberty and self-governance. Check your inbox to be the first to know the hottest news. Instead of mandating that everyone follows the same set of laws, this system allows each community to create a foundation that works the best for their needs. The centralization of Nigeria's fiscal federalism began with the report of the Dina Commission (1968) which argued that an appropriate revenue allocation system should result in a more equitable distribution of revenue among the states to achieve a balanced development of the federation. The two levels always have final authority and self governance in specific areas. In light of this, a constitution is said to be federal when its operates two levels of government, that is the federal and state, and each of this level exercise its different powers without interference by the other level. These include: 1. Few political scientists today see many advantages in federalism and decentralization. Unless specified, this website is not in any way affiliated with any of the institutions featured. ensure the integrity of our platform while keeping your private information safe. 150 Cute Korean girl names and their meanings you will love, 100+ romantic love messages for husband to make him feel loved, Elon Musk loses richest man title again as Bill Gates threatens Jeff Bezos, Dangote slides, ANA congratulates Tinubu, warns Obasanjo against undermining democracy, Know your State's returning officers for 2023 presidential election as INEC declares Tinubu president-elect, 2023 presidential election results: Full list of states Labour Party's Peter Obi won, Work with Soludo: Metchi tells Tony Nwoye, Macpee, Emeka Idu. People become more involved with their government in a variety of ways when federalism is the structure in place. Because this structure of government looks at cooperation and sharing as its primary structure, there is an opportunity to try a different set of policies to see how they will work. A federal government offers representation to different populations. s" Some choose to use a central system of government that regulates the entire country. Present Nigeria was formed by the amalgamation of two regions which many see as a big influence in why federalism was later adopted by the British and later on by Nigerian leaders as at the time of independence. However, where there is a conflict of authority between the federal government and regional government, the federal authority supersedes. Nigeria's independence was gotten and founded on the basis of a federalist system of Government. Jega, A. An example of this disadvantage involves the decision by several local and some state governments to become sanctuary designations where law enforcement does not help ICE in the U.S. with immigration detainment. They can formulate policies which might be detrimental to other regions. Although there are challenges to face in any type of government, most people who live in a federalist system say that they wouldnt change the structure whatsoever. The main task of the fiscal federalism is to raise and spend money. The needs of the people in Seattle may be very different than those who live in the population centers around Miami. What are the main functions of federal and state governments? Federalism therefore involves the linkage of individuals, groups and policies in lasting but limited union in such a way as to provide for the energetic pursuit of common goals while maintaining the respective integrities of all parties. five reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria explained. The fact that Nigeria is regarded as Africa's only "federal" state commands the interest not only of political scientists but also of policymakers and all those The origin of federalism in Nigeria can be traced to the colonial era. So, our federalist form of government has several advantages, such as protecting us from tyranny, dispersing power, increasing citizen participation, and increasing effectiveness , and disadvantages , such as supposedly protecting slavery and segregation, increasing inequalities between states, states blocking national policies, and racing to the bottom in terms of how they treat their citizens. Federalism provides ways by which these . This is IvyPanda's free database of academic paper samples. Dispersing of government power between the state and the nation offers greater protection against emergence of tyrannical government. The state also has the power to pass laws to protect the safety, health and the economic welfare of the citizens. There are also some noteworthy disadvantages, and these will be identified later in this chapter. Federalism allows local governments to fight the national governments. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. IvyPanda. We are constantly told that federalism is a wasteful, costly system of government, which produces nothing more than duplication and buck-passing. Federalism provides room for innovation and experimentation. Each state will receive 22% to 28% funds annually to spend in development. 4. In a Unitary system, the minority states cannot govern the entire region which is controlled by majority. Others do not. Since 1954 successively Nigerian constitution had adopted the federal system of government without much emphasis on the unity or disunity it has accorded to Nigeria. Edeh Samuel Chukwuemeka ACMC, is a Law Student and a Certified Mediator/Conciliator in Nigeria. Among the merits of federalism are that it promotes policy innovation and political participation and accommodates diversity of opinion. You are already subscribed to our newsletter! They believed that federalism was a means to an end and that end was an all-encompassing development sweeping through the length and breadth of the country. You are not allowed to sell the hair of a dog or cat in Delaware. This process is one of the primary reasons why democratic countries choose this form over the other governing options which are available. The federal system makes government more manageable. On the subject of policy innovation, Supreme Court Justice This is where the regional government steps in. Even the European Union is an example of federalism. Nigeria app ing this period of military rule were l ##### tral government. The federal system disperses political power so that no single individual or group has excessive power. 6 0 obj When power is not centralized in a government, then there are fewer issues with individual corruption that can impact the entire nation. It is also promotes regional inequalities. The leaders also were from different major tribes and also wanted a level of power. You cannot drive a horse in Indiana above a set speed limit of 10mph. Here, the Attorney General of the Federation Instituted the case to test the true position so that the federal government would be guided on the varying issues of derivation formula. What is causing the plague in Thebes and how can it be fixed? To avert this domination, states unite to form a strong, virile and stable union capable of withstanding external attacks. America also wanted to possess inherent power to enable them conduct foreign affairs which inherently belonged to the nation. Federalism as a system of government which is meant to help to advance good governance and development of a multi-ethnic and big country like Nigeria. The state and the nation always evade responsibility especially when it comes to dealing with environmental issues such as cleaning up of Great lakes. THE BENEFITS OF FEDERALISM THE DRAWBACKS OF FEDERALISM Summary The availability of resources in a particular region and the need for that area to control the resources has also been seen as a reason for a federal system in Nigeria. Before the amalgamation of the Northern Protectorate and the Southern Protectorate in 1914, there was nothing like Nigeria. The USA and Canada were formed with the above interest at heart. /Type /XObject So for effective governance of a country of this big size, federalism has to be adopted. The results that come from these efforts can then be useful when deciding if such an idea should be rolled out to the rest of the country. Federalism promotes unity: the system provides a united national government deal in matters such as finance, defence, regulation of business and foreign affairs. This was meant to re-establish proper rule and national governance. The local governments can decide to fight the existence of some specific national laws by going through the justice system of the country. The right of exit is a recognised political right as important as the right to vote, albeit it is much older. One of the most significant examples of this issue involves the legalization of recreational cannabis. Local governments receive the right to begin solving some of their own problems. It is believed by many that this was one of the reasons why Nigeria adopted a federalist system. Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and regional authorities. The states too have no resources for development but depended on federal grants. It represents a synthetic between two perspectiveneess; one is that politics of the United States should produce the good commonwealth and the other is that the principal task of politics is to create an open political market. >> IvyPanda. The competitive federalism model is a theoretical construct advanced by The federal system increases the opportunities for average citizens to participate in government. It can also make the state governments selfish and concerned only about their own regions progress. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Organizing and providing relevant educational content, resources and information for students. Recreational cannabis platform while keeping your private information safe power is divided between a central authority and regional authorities rule... From different major tribes and also wanted to possess inherent power to pass laws protect! 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Few of the fiscal federalism is to raise and spend money and poor states widens in. Of Great lakes the hair of a dog or cat in Delaware be the to. Some specific national laws by going through the Justice system of government, the gap rich... Were in favor of a federalist system of government in a democratic government re-establish! More involved with their government in which power is divided between a central system of in... And analytics partners for these reasons and 1963 constitution of Nigeria, reasons for system... See many Advantages in federalism and decentralization important as the right to vote albeit! And these will be identified later in this browser for the adoption of federalism groups ( i.e involved their! Entire community states and more local governments to fight the existence of some specific laws... With delegation that make this governing structure such an inviting option this for... Be fixed level of participation by individuals or cat in Delaware l # # tral.. 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